@article{2016,title={Open-ended and Multiple-Choice Tests Development based on Chemical Reactions: The Validity and Reliability Study},abstractNode={Chemistry topics in the secondary schools are difficult in terms of learning. Studies showed that the students may answer the problems on the chemical reactions, but they cannot understand fundamental concepts about this topic. The aim of this study was to develop open-ended and multiple choice tests regarding the chemical reactions. For this aim, the studies of reliability and validity of these tests were carried out. The participants formed 100 eighth grade students. For the open-ended test, the study of content validity was performed and item indices and reliabilities for two questions were calculated. For multiple-choice test, the studies of content, criterion, and construct validity were performed, and also the item indices, factor analysis, independent sample t-test and coefficient of Cronbach-alpha reliability were applied. The Cronbach-alpha reliability coefficient was 0.87 and the multiple choice test was comprised of two significant factors. In light of the findings, suggestions were discussed.},author={Oktay BEKTAŞ-- Melek KARACA - Sibel SARAÇOĞLU},year={2016},journal={Journal of History School}}