The Reflectıon of The Settlement Polıcıes Durıng The Sıngle Party Perıod on The Eastern Reports
TEK PARTİ DÖNEMİNDEKİ İSKÂN POLİTİKALARININ DOĞU RAPORLARINA YANSIMASI
Abstract
The settlement policy of the Ottoman Empire during the establishment and rise periods was generally aimed at ensuring the Turkification and Islamization of the region in order to make its dominance permanent in the regions it conquered. However, the territorial losses following the defeats in the XVIIth century and the XVIIIth and XIXth centuries led to an inward migration movement. At the same time, it was necessary to implement different settlement policies within the country depending on the concepts of immigrant, refugee, tribe and place. This situation continued in the same direction, starting from the founding years of the Republic of Turkey until the 1930s. It gained a new dimension, especially with the population exchange agreed upon at the Lausanne Peace Conference in 1923. The state, which took on the settlement issue of hundreds of thousands of people after the agreement, created an institution called "Ministry of Exchange, Reconstruction and Settlement" in the same year in order to carry out these works properly. However, when the reports prepared regarding the eastern provinces between 1925 and 1935 are examined, it is seen that the problems and disruptions related to the settlement policy are frequently mentioned. Following the problems experienced, the Single Party Government prepared and enacted comprehensive laws in 1926 and 1934 in order to regulate settlement activities. However, when the reports between 1935 and 1945 were examined, it was understood that the regulations made were not beneficial. The report written by CHP Secretary General M. Şevket Esendal after his investigations in the eastern provinces in 1945 is an important example in this regard. Esendal's statements that disorder continued in the region in those days and that a system related to the settlement policy could not be established reveal the lack of plans, programs and implementation in the settlement policy.
This study is based on the analyzes of the bureaucrats, deputies and General Inspectors (General Inspectors) at important levels of the state, especially the Prime Minister of the period, İsmet İnönü, between 1923 and 1950, as a result of the examinations they carried out in the East, and the reports they put forward after these analyses. It covers the settlement policy and activities to be implemented throughout the country. This study aims to examine the reflections and consequences of the settlement policy implemented by the CHP government in the context of the country and the region.
Keywords
Settlement Policy, East, One Party, General Inspectors, Dersim.
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