Tarih Okulu Dergisi, Year 2024 Issue LXXII

The Impact of Trust in Phenomena, Emotional Attachment and Perceived Information Value on Travel Decısıon Making

Alper ATEŞBilal ERDEM ,Halil SUNAR — 2024-11-07

In the modern world, travelers increasingly use social media platforms to learn about their destination options. Social media applications enable the effective and comprehensive sharing of images and stories about destinations. Influencers, considered social media opinion leaders, affect tourist perceptions and behaviors differently. This study aims to determine the effects of trust, emotional attachment, and perceived information value on influencers' travel decision-making processes. The interaction of three dimensions, trust in phenomena, emotional attachment, and perceived information value, with the travel decision-making process was investigated in this study, which differs from the two-dimensionality in the literature. The study revealed a direct impact of trust in phenomena, emotional attachment, and perceived information value on the stages of the travel decision-making process. However, a comprehensive analysis of the travel decision-making process revealed a significant shift in the influence of trust in phenomena and perceived information value on the purchase decision. The study found that while participants' emotional attachment to phenomena alone influences their travel decisions, considering their interconnections in the travel decision-making process increases the importance of trust in phenomena and information value. This also means that the participants benefit from the phenomenon after they enter the travel decision-making process.

Bibliometric Analysis of Educational Research Articles Published on Accounting Education: 2008-2022

Eren Akdağ KURNAZ — 2024-11-07

Accounting, which is accepted as the language of businesses; It has become an indispensable part of education in raising healthy minds for the future. Bringing future generations together on the axis of analytical thinking, developing their reasoning skills, and being at the center of education and training processes with technology-based equipment turns accounting education into a cornerstone. Today, accounting education, especially given in higher education institutions, reshapes the future of the accounting profession by kneading it like dough. Undoubtedly, higher education institutions and professional organizations play a major role in training qualified accounting professionals. However, the future of accounting education, which has found a new form around academicians, students and technology, arouses great curiosity. In order to shed light on the future of accounting education, past and present studies on the subject raise important questions. In order to find an answer, this research aimed to determine the trend and development of the articles scanned in the "Web of Science (WOS)" and published on the subject of "Accounting Education" between 2008 and 2022. Articles included in the research; It was analyzed in terms of i) structural demographic characteristics, ii) collocation and citation. As a result of the research; It has been determined that the country with the most citations in the field of “accounting education” is the USA.

The Opportunity of Understanding Victims of Virtual Violence: Bingöl Example

Galip BAYEZİTAhmet ÇETİNTAŞ — 2024-11-07

As technology advances, it is seen that violence against a new dimension. In addition, with the spread of digital tools, the negative consequences of violence are increasing. Cases of virtual violence; in particular, unlawful publication of personal data on social media occurs in the form of blackmail, threats, insults and harassment. Our aim is to analyze the factors affecting virtual violence cases and to reveal their reflections on person and social life. In this study, which has a qualitative research feature, the data were collected by in-depth interview technique. A sample group was formed from individuals over the age of 18 residing in different districts of Bingöl province. The data collected by face to face interview with 20 people who were victims of a virtual violence case in 2022 were analyzed with descriptive analysis technique. Research findings show that victims of cyber violence are moderately concentrated in terms of social status and women are more exposed to cyberbullying than men.

The Impact of Legislative Changes Related to Public Administration Reform in Turkey on Public Personnel Regime from 2000 to the Present: Appointment, Inspection and Regulation

Mustafa DİLEKLİAli ÖZCAN — 2024-11-07

This study aims to show the stages of the public personnel regime from the pre-Republican period to the present day and the changes and regulations it has undergone and to show the last point in the appointment, supervision and regulation at the current point. All developments in the personnel system both in Turkey and in the world have directly affected the personnel system, and after each social event, regulations have been made in the public personnel system according to the requirements of the current era. In particular, the Civil Servants Law No. 657 has maintained its validity since 1965 when it was adopted, has been the starting point of the new numbered laws in a way in the regulations that have occurred according to the passing process and the following years, and currently constitutes one of the most important sources of the process of public personnel from the beginning to the exit of the profession. It is also debatable to what extent the regulations implemented over the years have met expectations. The first part of the study aims to provide a better understanding of the subject by giving explanations of the terms frequently mentioned in the subject. In the second part, the historical development of the public personnel regime and the processes it has undergone in the world are discussed. In the third chapter, the historical development of the public personnel regime in Turkey is examined and the process starting from the pre-republican period until the 1980s is included in the subject of the research. Chapter 4 examines the situation of the public personnel regime in Turkey from 1980 onwards. In the last chapter, chapter 5, it is attempted to explain the public personnel regime in terms of appointments, supervision and regulations by mentioning the important points in the process up to the last point.

THE PLACE OF THE PRINTING INDUSTRY IN OUTDOOR ADVERTISING

Mustafa Batuhan KURTSinan SÖNMEZ — 2024-11-07

Advertising is the most effective communication tool that businesses use to market their products. Many advertising tools are used in advertising. Outdoor advertising is delivered to target audiences through various methods such as large-sized billboards, large-sized posters, digital billboards, and car wrapping in outdoor areas where people are denser. Thanks to this, great advantages are achieved in terms of brand awareness and preferability. In addition to these advantages, displaying them outdoors requires outdoor advertising products to be more resistant to natural conditions. Outdoor advertising tools can be more effective, leave a strong impression on the target audience, and be resistant to natural conditions only with high-quality printing and production. A healthy cooperation between outdoor advertising and the printing industry is of great importance, as increasing the impact of the advertising product will increase the advantages of businesses in the market. In this study, the tools used in outdoor advertising and the relationship between this field and the printing industry have been tried to be disclosed. In this context, the place and future of outdoor advertising in advertising is mentioned. While carrying out the study, different sources in this field were researched, and a compilation study was created by evaluating the current studies. As a result, it has been determined that the printing industry has an important place in the effective realization of outdoor advertising. It has been concluded that the use of digitalization in the printing industry combined with traditional methods is important in the production of effective products in outdoor advertising. In this way, the market shares of the institutions serving the sector will increase in the products produced. However, it was concluded that they should give importance to the search for new alternative materials in order to ensure the sustainability of the waste rates generated during the production stages.

Review of Digital Addiction Research in TrDizin Database (2013-2023)

Mustafa ERSOYCengiz AĞLAR — 2024-11-07

Digital addiction has become a significant social and psychological problem with the widespread adoption of digital technologies in today's world. This study aims to comprehensively examine the research conducted on digital addiction in Türkiye between 2013 and 2023. The case study design from qualitative research methods was preferred in the study, and 110 studies obtained as a result of the scan with the keywords "digital", "addiction" and "digital addiction" in the TrDizin database and were analyzed using the content analysis method. According to the findings, the number of studies conducted on digital addiction has increased significantly over the years. Quantitative method was the most widely used in the studies, the sample consisted mostly of students and 64 different data collection tools were used. The most preferred data collection tool was the digital game addiction scale, followed by the digital addiction scale, semi-structured interview forms, social media addiction scales, and interview forms. T-test, ANOVA, frequency, mean, and content analysis were the most used methods in the studies. The findings of the studies revealed that digital addiction negatively affects individuals' academic, social, and psychological functions, and that digital addiction is also associated with various health problems. As a result of the study, it is recommended that effective programs be developed for the prevention and treatment of digital addiction, and that awareness-raising activities be carried out.

Teachers' Opinions on the Implementation of Teacher Career Steps (Paths)

Mustafa ORHAN — 2024-11-07

This study aimed to examine the opinions of teachers regarding the implementation of teacher career steps. The study was conducted using qualitative research methods with a phenomenological design. The study group consisted of 36 teachers selected through maximum diversity sampling from primary, secondary, and high schools in the central districts of Erzurum province, namely Aziziye, Palandöken, and Yakutiye. Data were obtained through semi-structured interview forms and analyzed through content analysis. It was found that the majority of the participants considered the implementation of career steps in the teaching profession as necessary; however, it was also revealed that this implementation faced some negative reactions. In addition, the participants mostly expressed that there should be fewer service years required for advancement on the career steps and that the training provided for career advancement should be conducted face-to-face and tailored to specific subject areas. Furthermore, the participants often suggested that in addition to postgraduate education, professional projects and work should also be considered for advancement on the career steps. They also advocated for a non-exam-based system for career steps advancement and emphasized the importance of career steps programs contributing to salary and retirement benefits. Based on these findings, several recommendations were put forward.

The Effect of External Attentional Focus on Volleyball Performance: A Review Study

2024-11-07

This review study comprehensively examines the effects of external attentional focus on volleyball performance. Volleyball is a dynamic sport where not only physical abilities but also mental strategies are important. Players and teams need to constantly improve themselves, perfect their techniques and improve their strategies. External focus of attention is a strategy that requires players to direct their attention to external objects or events. This involves focusing on external factors such as the ball's flight path, the opponent's position or target points. Research shows that external focus of attention is more effective than internal focus in improving volleyball performance. External focus strategies provide more successful results than internal focus, especially in areas such as learning to serve, increasing dunk speed and improving general volleyball skills. These results suggest that training programs and training strategies should place greater emphasis on externally focused feedback and goal setting techniques. Additionally, the level of experience in volleyball players has been found to have an impact on the effectiveness of external focus strategies. While it has been stated that external focus on technical details is more beneficial for low-skill players, it has been found that focusing on the overall movement effect is more effective for high-skill players. As a result, it is emphasized that external focus of attention is an important strategy to increase performance in volleyball players and that training programs should be shaped accordingly. These strategies provide valuable tools to optimize volleyball players' skill development and performance increase.

A Study on Chatgpt's Skill in Writing Creative Drama Plan

Mert ŞENŞevval Nur ŞEN ,Tuğrul Gökmen ŞAHİN — 2024-11-07

For the successful realization of the process in creative drama, a comprehensive drama plan needs to be designed. These plans usually include warm-up, revitalization and evaluation stages. Although writing a plan is an important stage in drama, instructors experience various difficulties in this regard. In this context, various software can be utilized to help instructors in the process of preparing an effective plan. ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, has been used by millions of users for various purposes since its release in November 2022. Since ChatGPT has a large knowledge base about drama by training on a large data set, it can provide drama trainers with comprehensive information about drama activities and techniques. In this study, the ability of ChatGPT-4, OpenAI's advanced language model, to generate creative drama plans is examined. Since the ability of ChatGPT software to create drama plans is examined in this study, the case design of qualitative research was preferred. Documents were used as the data collection tool of the research. Documents were used as the data collection tool of the study. The data were collected from the outputs obtained from the commands given to ChatGPT, and content analysis was used in data analysis. According to the results of the study, ChatGPT can design appropriate warm-up enactment and evaluation activities for different age groups, topics and objectives. In conclusion, ChatGPT's capacity to create creative drama plans is a valuable tool for drama educators. Incorporating ChatGPT into this planning process can help educators to create more effective, diverse and authentic drama processes.

The Effect of Silent Resignation on the Ethical Climate Perceptions of Professional Accountants

Ali ÖZBEK — 2024-11-07

Nowadays silent resignation within the company may occur as a result of loss of motivation, burnout syndrome or negative stress among employees. Silent resignation movements can often be an element of employees feeling under pressure or boredom with work in workplaces. Ethical climate perceptions on the other hand appear as a concept that shows how to solve ethical problems and problems employees may encounter in the workplace, guides and guides employees about what is right or wrong and ensures that correct behavior is generally perceived within the business. This study was conducted to determine the effect of silent resignation on the ethical climate perceptions of professional accountants. For the research 441 professional accountants working in Istanbul were reached on a voluntary basis and by convenience sampling method. As a result of the correlation analysis, a very weak positive relationship of the strength of (r = 0,121) was detected between the silent resignation perceptions of professional accountants and their ethical climate perceptions. As a result of the regression analysis, a positive effect of professional members' silent resignation perceptions on ethical climate perceptions (β=0,088; p<0,05) was determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that silent resignation has an importance and effect on the ethical climate perceptions of professional accountants.

The İmpact of the Civil War in Syria on the Relations between Turkey – Russian Federation (2010-2020)

Arzu ÇETİNKAYABahtiyar ÖZCAN — 2024-11-07

Relations between Turkey and Russia have historically followed an up-and-down course. Especially between 2010 and 2020, these relations became more complicated due to the Syrian factor. With the outbreak of the civil war in Syria, Turkey and Russia supported different sides and turned into an arena where their interests clashed. In 2015, Russia's military intervention in Syria further strained relations between Turkey and Russia. Events such as Turkey's support for opposition groups in Syria and the downing of a Russian jet raised tensions and negatively affected relations between the two countries. However, after the coup attempt in Turkey in 2016, Russia's support for Turkey and the normalization of relations enabled cooperation on Syria. Through initiatives such as the Astana and Sochi processes, Turkey and Russia have taken joint steps towards the resolution of the conflict in Syria and tried to maintain a balance in the region. Syria remains a critical factor determining the course of relations between Turkey and Russia. This article attempts to answer the question of how the events that developed in the context of the civil war in Syria between 2010 and 2020 affected Turkey-Russia relations.

EXAMİNATİON OF SPORTS IN THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE LIST

Fatih Ahmet GENÇFatih Ahmet GENÇ ,Ayberk KIRDEMİR — 2024-11-07

To ensure the continuity of societies, it is essential to transfer societal values effectively to new generations. In this context, the importance of intangible cultural heritage is undeniable. Intangible cultural heritage can be defined as practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills, and the associated tools, objects, and cultural spaces that communities recognize as part of their cultural heritage. Sports are included within these intangible cultural heritages. Today, sports have evolved beyond mere tools for health, aesthetics, and entertainment; they have become phenomena through which societies compete with one another, individuals socialize, and societal structures are better understood. Considering all these aspects, it can be said that sports contribute significantly to societal continuity, unity, the formation of a sense of belonging, and the transmission of cultural values. Therefore, it is crucial to preserve and transmit traditional sports, which are part of intangible cultural heritage, to new generations. This way, not only the sports themselves but also the values and characteristics they impart can be passed on. Governments and significant organizations like UNESCO carry out various efforts to protect cultural values and cultural diversity. Intangible cultural heritage is also meticulously safeguarded by various laws and regulations. However, despite legal and regulatory protections, it is necessary to raise awareness about these heritage elements within society and to conduct research that can foster such awareness. To date, there has been no comprehensive study in the literature addressing sports that fall under intangible cultural heritage. This research, utilizing document analysis, aims to create awareness about sports included in UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage through a review article. It has been concluded that traditional sports such as Kırkpınar wrestling, traditional archery, and Mangala reflect our culture and that the values gained through these sports are crucial as a heritage for the continuity of culture.

A Representative of the Gı̇resun Region's Kemenche Ecole, Katı̇p Şadı̇: His Life, Works and Artistic Personality

Fırat TAŞİlhan COŞKUN — 2024-11-07

Giresun, which stands out as a city where many talented kemenche artists have been trained and an important kemenche school has developed, is considered the capital of the kemenche today due to this rich musical tradition. Katip Şadi, one of the most important representatives of this ecole, came to the forefront especially with the originality and richness of his performance and made important contributions to the survival of this tradition. In this study, the life of Katip Şadi, one of the most important kemenche artists of the region, his artistic identity, performance technique, his mastery of the atma folk song, his composition, his reference personality, and the innovations he brought to kemenche making are discussed. In addition, when analyzed in the context of the transfer of musical tradition, it is aimed to reveal the contributions of Katip Şadi, who is seen to be a bridge between past and future generations, to the preservation and transfer of the rich musical heritage of the Eastern Black Sea region to future generations. In this research, which is a descriptive study, the survey model, one of the qualitative research methods, was used and techniques such as interview, document analysis, literature and archive scanning were used to collect data. The results of the research are important in terms of revealing the innovations Katip Şadi brought to the performance and production of the kemenche, his recordings, the works compiled from him and his educational aspect.

Opinions of Turkish Teachers on the Problems Encountered in Teaching Turkish to Foreigners and Suggestions for These Problems

Gizem KARAMANOĞLUEbru BOZPOLAT — 2024-11-07

The purpose of this research is to determine the opinions of Turkish teachers regarding the problems encountered in teaching Turkish to foreigners and their suggestions for these problems. In accordance with this purpose, it was determined that the opinions of Turkish teachers regarding the problems arising from the teacher, students, parents, education system and the language structure of Turkish in teaching Turkish to foreigners and their suggestions to these problems. In the research using qualitative research method, case study design was preferred. The study group of the research consists of 36 Turkish language teachers who work in the the Central district of Sivas province in the spring term of the 2022-2023 academic year and have foreign students in their classes. A semi-structured interview form consisting of five questions prepared by the researchers was used as a data collection tool in the study. In the analysis of the data, the content analysis method was utilized. As a result of the research; it has been determined that the most emphasized problems arising from teachers include not having received training on teaching Turkish to foreigners, problems arising from the students include having adaptation problems, problems arising from parents include parents not knowing Turkish, problems arising from the education system include curriculum-related problems, difficulties about Turkish linguistic structure, rich linguistic structure of Turkish. When the teachers’ suggestions for the most emphasized problems are examined, it has been determined that teachers should be given training on teaching Turkish to foreigners to address the problems caused by the teachers; four basic language skills should be emphasized in language teaching to address the problems arising from students; parents should be encouraged to learn Turkish to address the problems arising from parents; separate classes should be created for foreign students to address the problems arising from the education system, and the language should be taught practically to address the problems arising from the linguistic structure of Turkish.

Examining the Digital Literacy Levels of School Administrators

Halil KARADAŞMahsum KORHAN — 2024-11-07

The aim of this study is to examine the digital literacy levels of school administrators. This study was conducted with a general screening model. The universe of the study consists of 417 school administrators working in Mardin. Due to time constraints, the easily accessible sampling method was preferred among purposeful sampling methods. The Digital Literacy Scale was used as the data collection tool. In this context, the survey forms obtained from 417 school administrators consisting of principals and assistant principals were evaluated. In order to examine the differences in the demographic factors of the participants, t-test and one-way analysis of variance techniques were used. When the results of the study were evaluated in general terms, it was concluded that the participants' digital literacy perceptions were high. According to the results obtained in the study, using information and communication technologies at a good level allows school administrators to work in better cooperation with their colleagues in learning activities. On the other hand, school administrators have a high potential to use mobile technologies in the learning process. According to another result obtained in the study, it is extremely necessary for the academic and administrative success of the school for school administrators to use information and communication technologies in management and course activities. In the context of these results, it can be said that increasing the digital literacy levels of school administrators will make it easier to achieve the school's goals.

An Experimental Study for Geography Teaching with Mobile Augmented Reality Technology

İbrahim Emrah ÖZGÜRBÜZMete ALIM — 2024-11-07

The aim of this research is to determine the effect of mobile augmented reality (MAR) applications on academic achievements and cognitive loads of the social studies pre-service teachers in geography courses and to reveal their views related to using of MAR applications in geography courses. The embedded design, one of the mixed research designs, was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of 74 pre-service teachers (EG=39, CG=35) studying in the second year of Atatürk University Kazım Karabekir Education Faculty social studies teaching undergraduate program in the 2019-2020 fall semester. As the data collection tools, the Turkey’s Landforms Academic Achievement Test (TLAAT) was used to determine the academic achievements of pre-service teachers, the Cognitive Load Scale (CLS) was used to determine their cognitive loads, and the Mobile Augmented Reality Applications Opinion Questionnaire (MAOQ) and Semi-Structured Interview Form were used to determine their views related to using of MAR applications in geography courses. “Independent samples t-test” were used to analyze the data obtained from TLAAT during the research process, “Mann-Whitney U” test was used to analyze the data obtained from the CLS, descriptive statistics were used to analyze MAOQ data, and content analysis was used to analyze the data obtained from the semi-structured interview form. As a result of the research, it was found that the MAR applications. As a result of the research, it was determined that MAR applications increased the academic achievements of social studies pre-service teachers in geography lessons and were effective in keeping their cognitive load at a low level. In addition to this, the participants' views related to using of MAR applications in geography courses were positive.

Analyzing the Lesson Plans of Pre-Service Primary School Teachers for Inclusive Turkish Teaching

Mehmet Arif BOZANİpek YILMAZ — 2024-11-07

The right to education is a fundamental right for every child and is a prerequisite for an equal society. However, simply attending school does not guarantee a quality education, as every student has unique characteristics that should be taken into account in the educational process. Inclusive education should be considered in order to help each student reach their highest potential by accommodating their individual characteristics. Conducting inclusive lessons for children's differences depends on the competencies of teachers. In this context, this study aimed to examine the lesson plans prepared by prospective classroom teachers for inclusive language teaching. In line with the determined purpose, the study was designed as a document analysis. Classroom teacher candidates prepared lesson plans after receiving training on inclusive Turkish language teaching in the process. The study group consisted of 45 pre-service classroom teachers determined by the convenience sampling method. The lesson plans created by the pre-service teachers were used as data collection tools in the study. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method. As a result of the research, it was seen that pre-service teachers gave less space to listening skills in their lesson plans and did not prepare any lesson plans for the first grade as a grade level.

VINEYARDS AND VOYAGES: UNITING THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN IN THE PALAIOLOGAN ERA

Hüseyin Erkan BEDİRHANOĞLU — 2024-11-07

This article explores the establishment of economic unity in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Palaiologan Period, focusing particularly on the role of wine trade. It investigates how various regions were interconnected through sea routes and trading networks, contributing to a cohesive economic system. The study emphasizes the significance of wine production as a cash crop, involving landlords, peasants, and merchants. Wine, produced in different grades, played a pivotal role in daily consumption as well as in religious and social ceremonies, catering to diverse societal strata. Additionally, this study demonstrates the economic intricacies of Cretan Malmsey trade, revealing its paramount importance as a sought-after commodity across the Mediterranean. By analyzing historical sources and scholarly research, this study sheds light on the complex dynamics of wine commerce, highlighting its role in facilitating cross-regional trade and cultural exchange. The findings suggest that despite political fragmentation, the Eastern Mediterranean formed an integrated economic entity during the Palaiologan Period, facilitated by extensive trading networks and the prominence of wine trade. Through its comprehensive analysis, this research contributes to a nuanced understanding of the economic landscape of the era and its enduring impact on Mediterranean history.

Trends of Graduate Theses in the Field of Drama From Past to Present

Özgür ULUBEYÇağla OKAY — 2024-11-07

The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends in graduate theses in the field of drama. The research was used qualitative research design. In this context, the theses in the field of drama conducted between 1980 and 2022 and published in the National Thesis Center were examined. A search was conducted by entering the keyword 'drama' into the National Thesis Center, resulting in 998 theses. Out of these theses, 632 that were relevant to the research purpose were examined. The data obtained through document analysis were analyzed using inductive content analysis and frequency analysis. As a result of the study, it was found that there were more master's theses than doctoral theses in the field of drama. It was also observed that there were more female researchers than male researchers, and that the theses predominantly focused on experimental studies aimed at developing cognitive, affective, and skills. It was determined that the theses were mainly conducted using quasi-experimental or poor experimental designs, and the number of qualitative and mixed-method studies was relatively low. Issues were identified in determining the quantitative and qualitative samples for the research. It was concluded that the sample types were not accurately determined. It was also observed that the theses had a higher number of quantitative data collection tools compared to others. Based on the research results, it is recommended that graduate theses in the field of drama should focus on developing 21st-century skills for students, conduct qualitative studies that examine drama application processes instead of repetitive experimental studies in the theses, review the content of scientific research methods and publication ethics courses at the graduate level, and assess the qualifications of the instructors who teach these courses.

An Evaluation of The Zile Armenian School Project and Discovery Book

Serpil SEYFİ — 2024-11-07

Since the second half of the 19th century in the Ottoman Empire, innovations were made in the field of education, along with military and legal regulations. In this process, the Ottoman Empire issued various regulations with the aim of eliminating the gaps in the education system. On the other hand, the construction of new schools increased after the declaration of Tanzimat. However, the Armenian School for Boys and Girls in Zile is a building that was in need of repair and for which a request was made. A request was made in this regard. The survey revealed that, subsequent to the decision to demolish the building, approval was granted for the construction of a new school building in its place. The construction date of the school, which was requested to be repaired in the first place, is unknown; however, a document dated 1853 shows that a petition was filed for the water supply of the building. For this reason, it can be argued that the building was built before 1853. The subject of this study is the project of the school dated 1900 and its exploration book, which does not exist today and whose information is available in the Ottoman archives. The construction of the building was authorized in 1901. In this project file and exploration book obtained from the Ottoman archives, the plan and facade designs of the school, the materials needed for its construction, who would work here, and the necessary costs and expenditures were found.The aim of this study is to reveal the plan and façade designs of the school buildings of the period, the process for the reconstruction of the building through the correspondence obtained from the Ottoman archive, the institutions involved in this process and the details of their roles. It is thought that revealing these processes and details will contribute to the field of architecture and art history.

Education and Language Policies in 9th, 10th and 11th Grade Literature Textbooks in Post-Independence Kyrgyzstan

Sibel BARCIN — 2024-11-07

Language, which is one of the factors that determine the future of society, has an important place in the development of the education system. Language is not merely a means of communication. It is also a tool that serves as both the carrier and shaper of culture, making significant contributions to culture. In this research, language and literature textbooks and programs prepared for 9th, 10th and 11th grades in educational institutions whose teaching language is Kyrgyz Turkish are examined. The importance of the study is to contribute to the effectiveness of teaching Kyrgyz language and literature in schools whose teaching language is Kyrgyz Turkish, to emphasize the importance of culture in literature teaching, to support the inclusion of important literary works from the Turkish world to the Kyrgyz literature program. Findings related to the study were collected by the document review method. When the content of the study is considered, there is an analysis of how language policy is applied in language and literature textbooks as well as an analysis of researches in the related literature; and the effective methods for teaching Kyrgyz literature are discussed in schools where the language of instruction is Kyrgyz Turkish. In the study it has been observed that there are various problems in teaching Kyrgyz Turkish as a state language due to the reasons such as students’ difficulties in accessing the textbooks and the contents of textbooks which are not open to innovations.

Ayans İn The Ottoman Empire And Risvanzades From Malatya Ayans (1774-1812)

Vedat YURT — 2024-11-07

The ayan held a prominent position in the provincial administration of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman land management system underwent a transformation from timar to iltizam and then to malikane. Parallel to this transformation, significant changes occurred in the military system and provincial administration. As a result of these changes, which had social, economic, military, and administrative dimensions, a group known as "ayan and ashraf" (notables and elites) began to emerge. The ayans reached the peak of their influence at the end of the 18th century and marked an era. This study examines the causes that led to the rise of the ayans and the development of the institution. Additionally, it focuses on the relationship between the central state structure and the Rishvanzades, who have primarily been studied in relation to their tribal dimensions, as both a dynasty and ayan in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The study concludes that there are controversial issues regarding ayanship as an institution namely its official status, election method and remuneration. The Rishvanzades, who over time reached a level of power and influence that made the state hesitant to send administrators over them, played an active role in raising numerous pashas with the rank of beylerbeyi (provincial governor), provision of soldiers, maintaining public order, and combating banditry.

A General Overview of Software and Social Media Trainings Used in Interactive Violin Training

Alaaddin Revaha KÜRÜNAli AYHAN — 2024-11-07

This study aims to examine the software and social media applications that can be used in interactive violin education. The sample of the research consists of violin education applications available on digital learning platforms. In this context, platforms that are widely used, recommended by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), and where educational content can be published are listed. The content of digital learning management platforms, massive open online course platforms, Android and iOS mobile applications, and YouTube violin education channels were examined. The suitability of these contents for use by violin teachers and students and their compliance with the learning outcomes were analyzed. As a result of the research, it was determined that the most suitable digital learning management platforms in terms of Turkish language support and usability potential in Turkey are ClassDojo and Google Classroom. Again, it was seen that Udemy is the most suitable platform among the Music and Violin Education content found on Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) Platforms. It was determined that the teachers who give violin education in Turkey are insufficient in preparing educational content that can be used in interactive violin education. Suggestions have been made for the production of interactive educational content related to violin education.

Competency Perception Scale of Curriculum Literacy: A Scale Development Study

Etem YEŞİLYURTNejdet ÖZTÜRK ,Hıdır GÜNGÖR — 2024-11-07

Curriculum literacy is one of the fundamental competencies concerning all stakeholders of the education system. This study aimed to develop the “Competency Perception Scale of Curriculum Literacy.” The study group consisted of 1,100 teachers working at primary, secondary, and high school levels in Sandıklı District Directorate of National Education in Afyonkarahisar and Kepez District Directorate of National Education in Antalya during the second term of the 2022-2023 academic year. The data were analyzed using. Promax rotation and EFA were conducted to determine the construct validity of the scale. The suitability of the scale for EFA was determined using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s tests. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was calculated for the entire scale and its sub-dimensions. Additionally, the structure revealed by EFA was also tested with CFA. As a result of this study, a 44-item “Competency Perception Scale of Educational Curriculum Literacy” consisting of six sub-dimensions, including fundamental concepts, objectives and achievements, content, educational conditions, measurement and evaluation, and curriculum evaluation, was developed. The validity and reliability values indicate that this scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool with sufficient psychometric properties for measuring and evaluating the curriculum literacy perception levels of master’s and doctoral students studying in the field of curriculum and instruction or other institutes, field educators working in teacher training institutions, teachers of all branches working at all educational levels, education administrators, and education inspectors.

The Impact of Studıes Based on Polyphonıc Turkish Music and Classical Western Music Compositions, Etudes, and Series on Orchestra Lesson Success

Enes Furkan DANACIErsan ÇİFTCİ — 2024-11-07

The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the training program created for polyphonic Turkish Music and Classical Western Music works, etudes and scales has an effect on orchestra lesson success. The study employed an exploratory sequential design, a methodology commonly used in mixed method research. In the quantitative phase of the study, a quasi-experimental research model, the pretest-posttest design, was employed to investigate the research question. In the qualitative phase, a case study design was used to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. The study group comprised 20 participants currently enrolled in the music teaching department of İnönü University. In the quantitative dimension of the study, In the quantitative dimension of the study, the Orchestra and Chamber Music Course Achievement Level Determination Form, developed by the researcher, was employed to ascertain the level of success in the orchestra course. In the qualitative dimension of the research, a semi-structured interview form was used to determine student opinions on the training programme created for Turkish Music and Classical Western Music works, etudes and sequences. The inter-rater agreement test were used to analyse the data collected in the study. In addition, content analysis was used to analyse the data obtained in the qualitative part. The research findings indicated that the training programme designed for polyphonic Turkish music and classical Western music had a positive impact on the success of the orchestra course. Furthermore, the training programme designed for polyphonic Turkish music was found to have a greater impact on the success of the orchestra. The results of the qualitative analysis of the study indicated that students who participated in the training programme for polyphonic Turkish music pieces reported an increase in their success in orchestra lessons and a positive change in their negative feelings. It can be concluded that the factors contributing to this increase in success are the students' love of Turkish music, enjoyment of playing it, familiarity with the ear, working with the sequence, etude and piece order, and careful and meticulous work.

Tactility and Personal Memory in Contemporary Textile Art

Gülseren HAYLAMAZ — 2024-11-07

Textile, which is felt throughout one's life, felt at every moment of one's life, and establishes relationships with culture, society, individuals and nature, has taken on a broad-perspective identity with its artistic dimension. The inclusion of the fundamental concept of tactile perception in the curriculum of the Bauhaus School of Art and Design has provided a foundation for textile art practices. In this study, which addresses the themes of personal memory and tactility in contemporary textile art, the works of Magdalena Abakanowicz, who explores concepts such as a return to nature, remembrance, family, and war in her textile sculptures, have been examined and analyzed in the context of personal memory and tactility. The final section focuses on examples where personal memory and tactility are reflected in contemporary textile art through photographs. The transformation of memories into tactile objects through photographs in textile art, the ways in which natural dyeing, printing, and toning techniques enhance the concepts being conveyed, and the role of textile materials and techniques in personal and tactile memory have been interpreted. The aim of the study is to examine works that represent autobiographical narratives through the concepts of personal memory and tactility in textile art. The conceptual framework of the study, which adopts the qualitative research method, has been formed through document analysis, and the works of artists have been examined using the descriptive analysis method.

Local Stakeholder Analysis in Tourism Management Planning in Archaeodestinations: A Case of Çatalhöyük, Türkiye

Hasan Ali ERDOĞANFiliz SEVİNÇ — 2024-11-07

The purpose of this study is to explore the perspectives of the local population regarding area management and tourism practices in the vicinity of Çatalhöyük, a Neolithic site located in Konya Province. Additionally, the study aims to address questions related to the level of local involvement in tourism activities and how this level might be increased from the local population's point of view. The research utilized a qualitative methodology, collecting data from residents of Küçük Köy-the nearest village and its surrounding areas. Participants were randomly selected from the local population, and interviews were conducted with inhabitants at various locations within the village. The findings indicate that the local population has not been included in tourism planning and activities in the region, resulting in generally negative attitudes toward tourism planning among the local community. Furthermore, the study found that the local population is willing to engage in the creation of tourism products, marketing, and service production. It was also observed that the socio-cultural, economic, and educational benefits of tourism are positively evaluated by the local community, and given the opportunity, future participation in tourism programs could be anticipated. The study provides recommendations for area management practices based on the local perspective, emphasizing the need for increased inclusion of the local population in tourism planning and strategies to enhance their level of participation.

The Man in the Golden Dress Iconographic Analysis

Kartal Murat AYVAZKARTAL MURAT AYVAZ — 2024-11-07

In this study, it is aimed to make an iconographic analysis of the "Man in the Golden Dress" armor found during the excavation in the Esik Kurgan, 50 kilometers from Almaty, the capital of Kazakhstan. In the study, Panofsky's three-stage artwork analysis method was used academically in order to better perceive the armor of the Man in the Golden Dress aesthetically. According to Art Historian Erwin Panofsky's "Iconographic and Iconological Art Criticism" method, the work of art should be explained through three levels of analysis: natural meaning (factual, expressive meaning), compromised meaning (secondary meaning) and inner meaning (content). The fact that the armor of the man in gold, which was identified as a result of the iconographic analysis, is covered with figures shaped in animal style, shows a craftsmanship and artistic spirit with advanced design and production techniques. Both the iconographic and iconological analysis of the animal figures and the elaboration of their philosophical background show that these figures were not only made with a haphazard aesthetic concern. It is obvious that the Turks, who had an equestrian nomadic culture, reflected the animals, which were an integral part of their lives, in their art world; the fact that the struggle scenes of animals with humans and among themselves are frequently seen in the figures is an indication of this. When we approach the subject from another perspective, we see that the beliefs of the Turkish communities shaped the animal figures. It is concluded that both the animal style technique and the gold plating of the objects are faith-based.

Marketing and Consumer Behavior in the Metaverse Universe

Suat OKAY — 2024-11-07

This article examines how the concept of the metaverse fundamentally transforms the way consumers interact with digital content, facilitating a shift from traditional media, observed from a third-person perspective, to first-person experiences. Over the next five to ten years, the metaverse is expected to create significant changes in the marketing industry, evolving from static images and videos to interactive and personalized promotional experiences. In this new environment, innovative methods such as Virtual Product Placements (VPP) and Virtual Spokespersons (VS) are anticipated to be extensively utilized in marketing campaigns. A multidisciplinary approach is adopted in the study, with the effects of virtual advertising tools in the metaverse analyzed through theoretical analysis methods. The primary focus areas of the study include consumer identity, social influence, and digital ownership, examined through the five fundamental elements of the metaverse: digital mediation, spatial features, immersiveness, sharing, and real-time operation. The findings reveal that the metaverse offers brands opportunities to engage with consumers through immersive experiences, yet also raises concerns about consumer privacy and ethical marketing practices. The article provides recommendations to policymakers and business leaders on protecting consumer rights and emphasizes the importance of future research on consumer behavior in this new digital environment. Nevertheless, the potential risk of manipulative and predatory use of these methods should not be overlooked. This article examines the probable marketing techniques in the metaverse, identifies potential risks to consumers, and provides policymakers and business leaders with recommendations to safeguard public interests. Furthermore, the article presents a multidisciplinary perspective on the metaverse's potential impact on consumer behavior. Beginning with a unique definition of the metaverse through its five key elements—digital mediation, spatial characteristics, immersion, sharing, and real-time operation—the effects on consumer behavior are examined in three key areas: consumer identity, social influence, and ownership. The metaverse offers consumers the opportunity to create new identities and experiences in the digital world while also introducing new forms of interaction and communication that could influence consumer behavior and social norms. However, the potential for manipulative and problematic use of digital platform interactions should be considered. In conclusion, this study represents an important step in understanding the metaverse's effects on consumer behavior and marketing strategies, emphasizing the significance of ethical utilization and comprehending the ongoing transformation in the marketplace.

A MODEL PROPOSAL FOR KEEPING REFLECTIVE JOURNAL IN TRANSLATION STUDIES COURSES

Evren BARUTİlknur BAYTAR — 2024-11-07

Keeping a reflective diary/journal is a method that has been used in many disciplines recently, because it provides some opportunities for teachers and students to observe their learning and teaching processes. Teachers use reflective journals to help students become aware of their own learning processes and to gain insights into the students' thoughts and understanding. Besides, it helps to develop students' self-awareness and critical thinking. However, the literature review reveals a limited number of studies focusing on the use of the reflective diary method in translation classes. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to translation studies by presenting a model to use the reflective journal method in translation classes. To achieve this, information about reflective journals will be given in the first part of the article. Then, the study aims to give information about the benefits and drawbacks of the reflective journaling method. In addition, previous studies on the use of reflective journals in different contexts will be presented. Finally, a sample model for how to keep reflective journal in translation classes will be proposed to support teachers to adopt this method in translation courses.

A Sacred Woman in Medieval Europe Marie D'oignies And The Beguines

Derya GÜRTAŞ DÜNDAR — 2024-11-07

When it comes to the social life of the Middle Ages, one of the elements that should be especially mentioned is women. Because for women, the Middle Ages in Europe is one of the different periods. There were many women who influenced the social and religious life of medieval Europe. There have been many women leaders who have influenced the economy, agriculture, political life and addressed the crowds in social terms. One of these women leaders is Mariae of Oignes. Mariae of Oignes was a devout Christian woman who, although she came from a noble family, chose a life of asceticism. She devoted her whole life to building a virtuous life and engaging in charitable works, protecting the poor, caring for weak women and serving leprosy patients. Her favours caused her reputation to spread rapidly and become popular, especially among women. Even the famous theologian Jacgues de Vitry, who heard of this fame, wrote her life. Many women who imitated the life of Mariae of Oignes began to cluster around her. A serious women's organisation was formed in groups called Beguine. The Beguines are a women's organisation that has been able to stand bravely against the church and to protect their own freedom. This article analyses the influence of Mariae of Oignes, an important figure who inspired many women after her, on the beugine women who followed her, and tries to look at women's communities in the Middle Ages from a different perspective. Many women who imitated the life of Mariae of Oignes began to cluster around her. A serious women's organisation was formed in groups called Beguine. The Beguines are a women's organisation that has been able to stand bravely against the church and to protect their own freedom. This article analyses the influence of Mariae of Oignes, an important figure who inspired many women after her, on the beugine women who followed her, and tries to look at women's communities in the Middle Ages from a different perspective.

Individual Instrument Training I Mandolin Beginning Education Program’s Status of Achieving the Objectives

Zhanna AKTÜRK.Gökay YILDIZ ,Nuray SENEMOĞLU — 2024-11-07

This research aims to measure the degree to which the Individual Instrument Training I Mandolin Beginning Education Program achieves its objectives. The study, based on action research, uses a cognitive domain achievement test, a rating scale and an interview form as means for data collection. Qualitative data collected during the research is analyzed by content analysis, whereas quantitative data is analyzed using the simple statistical method, mean. In order to collect data to evaluate the Individual Instrument Training I Mandolin Beginning Education Program, a study group was formed from four mandolin students studying in the first grade at Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Education, Department of Fine Arts Education, Department of Music Education, during the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. The study utilized a rating scale as the final exam, followed by a knowledge test and an interview form to examine the target behaviors for determining the achievement of the objectives. As a result of the evaluation of the applied program, it was determined that the realization rates of the target behaviors in the program were high, the program achieved its cognitive, psychomotor and affective field objectives, and it was concluded that the program had a high impact on the students. As a result, in this study, it is observed that the program has increased student achievement.